Progress of forging technology

What is forging? Forging can use forging mechanical equipment to exert pressure on the metal, so that it is successfully plastic and has a certain mechanical properties, size, shape and other processing methods. Maple machinery has a deep understanding of the development of closed forging, and is constantly improving the production technology to improve productivity.

It is understood that forging can eliminate the defects in the process of metal smelting, while optimizing the microstructure, preserving the relatively long metal flow line, and the mechanical properties of the castings after forging are better than those of the same material.

In ancient times, people in order to be able to create the right tools, are the use of manpower, animal power and other hammering workpiece, which can be regarded as the earliest forging machinery. With the progress of society, the hydraulic drive lever hammer appeared, and because of the needs of industry, the forging machinery era of steam as a power came in the 18th century. At the end of the 19th century, there was a press and air hammer powered by electricity, and then with the continuous development of industry, and then to the global economy, a variety of mechanical control, digital control, computer-controlled forging machinery, manipulators, industrial robots and other successful development, and increased help in production.

The development of heavy industry, so that forging equipment is also a variety of, the current market more common forging equipment are: forming forging hammer, mechanical press, hydraulic press, screw press, flat forging machine, forging operator and so on. Great Wall cast Steel production of forging machine clamp arm, body, die forging hammer anvil and so on are used in forging equipment, and good quality, in a number of famous forging equipment factory for use

The forgings produced by the traditional closed forging process do not produce transverse flash edges, but it is only suitable for rotary forgings with simple shape. Traditional open precision forging is suitable for forgings of any shape, but the precision forging produces a circle of horizontal flash along the parting die surface, and with the increase of the complexity of the forging, the flash metal consumption increases, usually the ratio of the flash metal volume to the volume of the forging itself is as high as 15% to 50%, or even higher. The small flash hot forging technique developed by the author combines the advantages of these two kinds of forging techniques. It is not only suitable for forging forging of various shapes, but also consumes only 40% ~ 50% of the traditional open forging. The more complex the forging, the better the effect

What is the purpose of forging?

Forging is a kind of pressure processing. High temperature plastic metal is deformed by mechanical pressure to achieve a specified shape and size. The purpose of forging is to form the blank and control its internal organizational properties to achieve the desired geometry, size and quality of the forging. The internal structure and mechanical properties of general castings are not as good as forgings. The purpose of forging does not include changing physical properties. This is solved by subsequent heat treatment and surface treatment. Die forging is common. Press the metal into the mold to form. The more important parts are produced by forging process.

General situation

In recent years, China's output of forging parts has been maintained at more than 11 million tons per year, and it is growing year by year. China's forgings output reached 12.03 million tons in 2017, making it the world's largest forgings producer, but precision forgings only account for about 9% of the total number of die forgings. Japan and Germany's annual output of forging parts are less than 1/3 of China's, but Japan's precision forging production accounts for 36% of the entire forging production, Germany's precision forging production accounts for 37% of the forging production, which leads to the two countries' forging production although far less than China, but its economic benefits are much higher than our country.

Since the mid-1990s, China's cold, warm and hot forging forming process has made great progress, its representative achievements include cold forging of car differential planetary gear and half shaft gear, truck differential planetary gear and half shaft gear and car constant speed universal joint three-pin slide sleeve and bell cover, automatic transmission combined with hot forging + cold finishing of gear, Pie plate gear blank None

Close precision forging of flash edge, integral composite precision forging of moving coupler tail frame, etc. On the basis of introducing the forming theory of small flash forging, this paper probes into the application of small flash forging technology